goodput
the share of paid reasoning that survives — tokens kept ÷ tokens paid for — same workload, same seed, three recovery protocols
Ball speed is measured, not staged: each protocol runs the token-furnace simulation to completion on the same workload, and speed correlates with goodput — the fraction of paid reasoning tokens its recovery rule kept rather than threw away. Every protocol finishes the same batches; they differ only in how much of the bill bought work that survived.